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My Third Roaster
Koffee Kosmo
Beautiful work on the TC4 & K type probe
Now that you have had the roaster up and running for a while!

How are the roasts ?

KK
I home roast and I like it. Designer of the KKTO
Roaster Build information
https://homeroast...ad_id=1142

https://docs.goog...lide=id.i0
Blog - http://koffeekosm...gspot.com/

Bezzera Strega, Mazzer Robur Grinder, Pullman Tamper Convex,
(KKTO) Turbo Oven Home Roaster.
 
seedlings
Wow, these are some of the sexiest roaster gut shots I've seen! Well done!

CHAD
Roaster: CoffeeAir II 2# DIY air roaster
Grinder: Vintage Grindmaster 500
Brewers: Vintage Cory DCU DCL, Aeropress, Press, Osaka Titanium pourover
 
BenGeldreich
Thanks for the kind words on the TC4C project box!

KK,

You will be the first to know!

Ben
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Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
BenGeldreich
With the holidays behind I had a chance to roast yesterday!!! Woot Woot!

I am still having BT thermocouple issues!! With the new TC4C I was able to focus on RoR but soon discovered that I was getting a 60 F variance throughout the roast. I quickly changed to just watching the beans to try and save the roast.

After the roaster had cooled I ran the following test. I took the metal colander where the beans sit out and ran the TO with both the ET and BT exposed. When ET hit 300 F, BT was at 222 F! I think that the temps are too far apart for both thermocouples being exposed. It is to my understanding that a TO is convectional and in a convectional oven the airflows from the heater down the sides and back up the middle. If that is true my only thoughts are that a vertical BT thermocouple would not read the same as a horizontal thermocouple due to the airflow of the convectional TO.

My thoughts are to mount the BT probe right underneath my ET on the side so the tip slides into the side of the Bean mass as others have done.l I could use a wire bead type thermocouple and move it around the bottom holes till I find the sweet spot but mounting it and the possible long term damage to the tip is preventing me from trying that.

Ideas? Thoughts? Am I way off on this?

Ben
Edited by BenGeldreich on 12/30/2011 3:42 PM
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Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
lmclaren
Hi Ben, It is unclear from the photos, but where the thermocouples attach to the board, are you extending the cables to a socket on the back? If so, you will loose the cold end reference, the thermocouple wire / thermocouple socket should be directly attached the the board. Note sure if it would make that much difference though.

Have you tried putting both thermocouples together and immersing in boiling water and ice water to see if they agree with each other?

I had real problem with one of my thermocouples when I let the metal probe touch the metal of my roaster, the readings where all over the place. I ended up replacing the probe with a bead so it remained isolated from the metal work, it is now totally stable.

best regards

Lee
 
BenGeldreich
Lee,

Thanks for your reply!

Quote

lmclaren wrote:
Hi Ben, It is unclear from the photos, but where the thermocouples attach to the board, are you extending the cables to a socket on the back? If so, you will loose the cold end reference, the thermocouple wire / thermocouple socket should be directly attached the the board. Note sure if it would make that much difference though.


The thermocouples are attached to female sockets which use an extension of the same thermocouple wire to attach to the TC4C. From what I've read there may be a slight variance because the thermocouple aren't directly hooked up.

Quote


Have you tried putting both thermocouples together and immersing in boiling water and ice water to see if they agree with each other?


I tried the boiling water test last night! I added two thermometers one digital and one analogue. I discovered that the BT probe was always 2 degrees higher than the ET probe and both thermocouples were a couple degrees higher than my thermometers. There was never more than 8 F difference between all of them. I let everything sit for 10 minutes and upon my return everything had reach the same reading of 96 F.

Quote


I had real problem with one of my thermocouples when I let the metal probe touch the metal of my roaster, the readings where all over the place. I ended up replacing the probe with a bead so it remained isolated from the metal work, it is now totally stable.

best regards

Lee


I too feel like this had been the issue with my BT thermocouple attempts. Both BT thermocouples that I mounted have always been touching some type of metal which is part of the roaster. I'm still not sure if I'm getting an air reading or the metal hole where the probe sticks up into the bean mass.

My thoughts are to ask omega build me a 4" K-Type probe with an exposed tip like this. http://www.omega....E&Nav=

If my logic is correct an exposed tip would not touch any metal and would only take a reading from the air or items that are in direct contact with the tip. Right now I am using a grounded thermocouple. It is correct to say that a grounded thermocouple takes its reading from the outer casing of the probe and not just the tip?

I have also thought of a way to mount the probe on the side but would prefer to keep the BT mounted underneath.

Thanks for the help!!

Ben
Edited by BenGeldreich on 01/01/2012 2:58 PM
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Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
lmclaren
The fact that the sensors are not too far from each others readings is encoraging, I expect if you terminated onto the board the TC's should read the same, I find all my TC's are within .5C of each other.

I use just a bead on the end of the insulated cable to measure air, to measure beans, you could mount the thermocouple using an insulated holder, I have used porcelain insulators before and they work well.

http://www.jaycar.com.au/productView.asp?ID=HM3182&keywords=porcelain&form=KEYWORD


To measure bean temp, I now use:

http://www.instrumart.com/products/32275/micro-epsilon-cs-series-infrared-thermometer

I am using a fluid bed roaster and as the beans are in flight most of the time, I did not like the chances of reading the bean temp with a thermocouple, I can recommend the IR enough.
 
lmclaren

Quote

It is correct to say that a grounded thermocouple takes its reading from the outer casing of the probe and not just the tip?


No, the temp is measured at the TC junction, probably at the tip of the probe, the problem is that the TC wires are not insulated from the metal enclosure which means that any earth potential will also flow into the TC signal. TC signals are very very small.

I expect in commercial equipment the TC interfaces are floating and do not have the same problem, commercial interfaces are expensive to buy.

I think it will work well if you keep the probe away from metal.

Lee
 
lmclaren
But I expect you are also correct for another reason, the body of the probe will conduct heat, so while it is measured at the tip, the heat further down the probe will be conducted to the tip and affect the readings.

Lee
 
BenGeldreich

Quote

lmclaren wrote:

No, the temp is measured at the TC junction, probably at the tip of the probe, the problem is that the TC wires are not insulated from the metal enclosure which means that any earth potential will also flow into the TC signal. TC signals are very very small.



Lee,

Thanks! Excuse the ignorance but when you say any "earth potential" are you referring to loose voltage trying to ground itself? If all the electrical equipment used in my roaster are grounded then why would there be any loose voltage? Or is there always fly aways! smile

Quote


I expect in commercial equipment the TC interfaces are floating and do not have the same problem, commercial interfaces are expensive to buy.

I think it will work well if you keep the probe away from metal.

Lee


Yeah the price is my only concern when looking at commercial TC's.

Ben
Edited by BenGeldreich on 01/01/2012 5:21 PM
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Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
lmclaren

Quote

Thanks! Excuse the ignorance but when you say any "earth potential" are you referring to loose voltage trying to ground itself? If all the electrical equipment used in my roaster are grounded then why would there be any loose voltage? Or is there always fly aways!


While the voltage on all the metal work is 0 when measured on a multimeter, there is in reality a very large voltage in thermcouple terms, eg

100F is only 1.521 mV or .0015V, wont get a reading on a multimeter!

http://www.omega.com/temperature/z/pdf/z218-220.pdf

As you can see, the voltages are very low, no problems as long as you dont introduce earth loops, eg earthing at multiple points.

Just keep it away from metal and it should be fine, you should be able to see the problem by just watching the readings while touching and untouching the probe on the metal.
 
lmclaren
More information than you could ever want about thermocouples:
http://www.omega.com/temperature/z/pdf/z021-032.pdf

Z-28 mentions earth loops.
 
JackH
Ben, I had similar issues with grounded type metal sheath probes. JimG said it might be a ground loop problem like you were describing. It is especially a problem with the two prong power packs we use to power the TC4 and the metal roasting pot.

My solution was to change the BT probe to a bead type. The response is much faster with the open bead too. My only concern is contamination of the probe from the oils and other stuff. I guess they are cheap enough to get spares.

He also suggested that you could also run a ground wire from a good ground to the TC4's ground pin.
Edited by JackH on 01/03/2012 12:13 PM
 
BenGeldreich

Quote

JackH wrote:
Ben, I had similar issues with grounded type metal sheath probes. JimG said it might be a ground loop problem like you were describing. It is especially a problem with the two prong power packs we use to power the TC4 and the metal roasting pot.

My solution was to change the BT probe to a bead type. The response is much faster with the open bead too. My only concern is contamination of the probe from the oils and other stuff. I guess they are cheap enough to get spares.

He also suggested that you could also run a ground wire from a good ground to the TC4's ground pin.


Thanks Jack!

I'm only running USB to power my TC4C. Not sure if that still applies?

I have narrowed down the issue to what I believe to be, air flow and my original BT placement. I am in the process of moving the BT to the side below my current ET probe to see if there is a difference. I'll post the results when it's done.

Ben
Edited by BenGeldreich on 01/04/2012 10:22 AM
--------

Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
BenGeldreich
Roasted 453g of Brazil last night. My goal was to see if the new BT location would give me a closer reading, using FC (395?F - 405?F) as my desired temperature reading. I've attached a pBourbon graph of my roast because I haven't yet experienced a roast quite like this.

I pre heated the roaster to 300?F and dropped in the beans. Once I dropped in the beans the temperature didn't drop all that much. I decided to keep the RoR low to slow down the drying process and prevent cooking the outside of the beans. Once I visually saw that the beans were yellow, I increased the voltage to ramp to FC, I got excited as my BT click over to 400?F but quickly faded when it past 415?F and still hadn't heard a snap. I finally started to hear snapping at 425?F but it sounded almost like a rapid second crack. I saw that ET was starting to get above 500?F and was trying to keep that below so I killed the roast.

Upon inspection of the beans, there is some tipping and some scorching but some of the beans look fantastic. Looking at the graph you can see that both ET and BT are not smooth and go up and down every second. I haven't seen this yet even when testing air flow. Anyone have any ideas on A.) Why the temperature isn't dropping when the beans are added and B.) Why the BT and ET go up and down every second on the graph?

I ended up with 390g of beans but haven't cupped it yet.

When pre heating I have been lifting the TO off the roaster, pouring in the beans and then immediately putting the TO back on the roaster. Is that the correct way to pre heat using a TO roaster?

Ben
BenGeldreich attached the following image:
120109roast2040.jpg

Edited by BenGeldreich on 01/10/2012 12:58 PM
--------

Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
jedovaty
Ben - I got the same ROR graph like you, with the up/down/up/down, try to adjust the filter setting in the code -- I forget exactly where it is, either in the pBourbon or aBourbon, but if you increase the number from the default of 85, it'll smoothen out (but add a bit of lag). I'm at 92 or 93, but think I need to go higher.

What TO do you have, what kind of wattage is it?

I'm getting the same bean temp stalling you are at what seems like FC. I'm running more tests, but I theorize if we want to stick below 500 ET, either we need more heat intensity (e.g. another heating element), or move the bean mass closer to the heat source, or combine one of these with a different amount of beans. Think of it like heating up a cup of water with ice cubes. The temp of the water will not change until all the ice cubes melt.

I want to go as far as saying that the variac is causing this (like my router control), you'd be better off with something like the SSR with potentiometer, as it will provide the full heat source to help raise the BT while keeping ET right. However, I see others using variacs with similar setups succesfully, so I don't know what's we're doing different.
Edited by jedovaty on 01/10/2012 3:38 PM
 
BenGeldreich

Quote

jedovaty wrote:
Ben - I got the same ROR graph like you, with the up/down/up/down, try to adjust the filter setting in the code -- I forget exactly where it is, either in the pBourbon or aBourbon, but if you increase the number from the default of 85, it'll smoothen out (but add a bit of lag). I'm at 92 or 93, but think I need to go higher.{/quote}

Thanks I will look into it.

[quote}
What TO do you have, what kind of wattage is it?


I am using a Galloping Gourmet model with 1470 Watts.

Quote


I'm getting the same bean temp stalling you are at what seems like FC. I'm running more tests, but I theorize if we want to stick below 500 ET, either we need more heat intensity (e.g. another heating element), or move the bean mass closer to the heat source, or combine one of these with a different amount of beans. Think of it like heating up a cup of water with ice cubes. The temp of the water will not change until all the ice cubes melt.


You can ignore the data on the graph after FC. I pulled the beans just forgot to hit the eject button and turn everything off. What I want to know is how people are pre heating when using a TO roaster. If you look at my graph when I added the beans the temperature only went down 40?. My goal is 5 minutes for drying or for the BT to reach 300?F / 5 minutes ramping to FC / and 3 - 5 Minutes finish depending on the bean and or the roast level I want. Because the BT only went down 40?F I had a RoR of 8?F for the first 5 minutes then increased it to ramp to FC. It is a very shallow RoR which is my main concern.

Having said that I haven't cupped it and will post an update when I do.

Quote


I want to go as far as saying that the variac is causing this (like my router control), you'd be better off with something like the SSR with potentiometer, as it will provide the full heat source to help raise the BT while keeping ET right. However, I see others using variacs with similar setups succesfully, so I don't know what's we're doing different.


I have had many successful roast with a Variac on my SCTO. I don't think it has anything to do with that at all. If anything it's me and how I am using the Variac. But this particular roaster is new(ish) so volume and the amount of beans I use have to change is I can't achieve the results I'm looking for.

Ben
--------

Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
jedovaty
Okay, then I will go back to my corner of inexperience, I tried smile

My roasts have yet to have a successful looking profile, however, they seem to hit 300F in about five minutes if I preheat to 375-400F ET; the probe for BT, which is a little lower, is around 380F. I preheat, lift the TO off with one hand, drop the beans in, then cover it; the BT probe reads a dropped temp of 150-160F. I hope it is helpful despite the issues I'm having.
 
JackH
I usually pre-heat to about 300F and let it run for 5 minutes adjusting the variac to maintain 300F. This is mainly to get the roaster pot all heated and stable in my cold garage. If I roast softer beans like sumatra or brazil I go lower pre-heat temp to prevent tipping or burning and keep the power lower during the roast.

I open the top and dump in the beans and close like Ben said. Then I raise the variac to full power. The BT and ET will drop. The BT drops to about 150F and then begins the "turning point" up. Then it is full power until just before 380-390F (which always seems to be first crack for me).

I reduce power to try and get a RoR of 8-10 degrees per minute before 390F so it does not go into second crack too fast. A balancing act of time, timing and temperature. I try and keep the ET below 500F. I read somewhere that temperatures above 500F and total roast times longer than 15-16 minutes are not good. Could depend on roaster type.

On my roaster, I have a chaff ejector that is a piece of spring steel covering a square slot in the spacer ring that I open when I see the chaff satellites. This usually helps drops the temp down.

This seems to works for me and my roaster. No expert here. I haven't been doing this very long either.
Edited by JackH on 01/11/2012 4:18 AM
 
BenGeldreich
Thanks guys!

The fact that both of you pre heat the same way as I do, and both of your thermocouples indicate that the BT drops to 150 aprox then the only thing left for me to do is to invest in a better thermocouple. Unless the amount of beans I'm using could cause the temperature to only drop 40 degrees.

Thoughts?

Ben
--------

Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
jedovaty
Hi Ben, take with a metric cube of salt with my no-experience. I do 400g batches, which are ~50g off yours, not that much difference. I use 24ga for ET and BT:
http://www.omega....t/5TC.html

They're not very expensive. Also, how are you making the connection between TC and the Arduino? Are you using all the TC wiring, or do you have any "normal" wires in the mix?
Edited by jedovaty on 01/11/2012 2:19 PM
 
BenGeldreich
Jano,

Quote

jedovaty wrote:
Hi Ben, take with a metric cube of salt with my no-experience.


I have been roasting coffee for less then a year so I fall into the rookie category as well!! Any ideas are always welcome smile

Quote


I do 400g batches, which are ~50g off yours, not that much difference. I use 24ga for ET and BT: http://www.omega....t/5TC.html They're not very expensive.


Thanks I am in the process right now of building two exposed probes with Omega.

BT: NB1-CA-SS-18-E-4RP-TT48
ET: TJ48-CASS-18E-3

It will most likely cost me $95 with shipping which is way more than i wanted to spend but I here nothing but great things about there probes. To be honest if $95 gives me the readings that I can trust then it's worth the investment. LOL!

Quote


Also, how are you making the connection between TC and the Arduino? Are you using all the TC wiring, or do you have any "normal" wires in the mix?


The probes are currently connected to a mini female connector in the project box (see previous pictures of my TC4C project box for details) and then the same thermocouple wire is used to connect the female connectors to the board.

Ben
--------

Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
BenGeldreich
I cupped the Brazil coffee this morning and it's FANTASTIC!!! I am a fan of Brazilian coffee but it is by far the best roast I have tasted with my new roaster.

Ben
--------

Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
jedovaty
Ben, I did a similar thing, had some expensive thermocouples in my basket. For ET, I chose a 6" exposed: KMTSS-020E-6. I forget what it was for BT.

However, decided I'd just go the cheap route as the bead type are relatively cheap ($7/pop) and so you can replace them without second thought in case they get covered in gunk. I got the fine-enough gauge ones were response time is around 1 second. The only drawback so far, the bean probe has become a bit frayed because of how I installed it. But it works fine smile

Just another opinion, but get what you are most comfortable with!

Good news on the brazil. Did you cup alongside another coffee, or just straight up? As one very new-newbie, I've learned that doing it together with other coffees is VERY helpful (after a few days rest, I ask the gf to switch them around, too, so I can do it blind).
Edited by jedovaty on 01/11/2012 5:16 PM
 
BenGeldreich
So after a few months of roasting and modifying I thought I share some changes I've made that have proven to be quite successful.

When I last posted I was having trouble getting accurate BT with my probe. I decided to purchase a 5 pack of k-type beaded thermocouples from Omega (5TC-KK-K-24-72) http://www.omega....amp;flag=1 along with a standard protection tube (SS-316-6OPEN) http://www.omega....amp;flag=1 and a OMEGAlok compression fitting (SSLK-316-18) http://www.omega....amp;flag=1. I mounted the tube underneath my roaster, where the probe used to sit, and fead the thermocouple through it. I now hit FC at 400? every time!! smile

farm8.staticflickr.com/7181/6775487584_9f007c0d4c.jpg

farm8.staticflickr.com/7196/6921601521_0c065fb952.jpg

farm8.staticflickr.com/7053/6921597483_33337ba9f2.jpg

While watching the roast's, I noticed that the stirring arms weren't flipping the beans that were caught near the centre but agitation was much higher near the outside. Using the same theory that some SCTO builds have done I decided to make a centre cap to keep the beans out of the stirring assembly. I found an oil cap at a local hardware store that was the perfect diameter. Modified the cap to and voila! Now the beans don't get trapped and the agitation is much better than before. smile

farm8.staticflickr.com/7184/6921597135_6328da8f82.jpg

Inspecting the roasts I am still getting some tipping (no more scorching) but I'm currently playing with the volume of beans to see if I can find the sweet spot.
Edited by BenGeldreich on 02/22/2012 4:44 PM
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Ben

Turbo Oven Roaster w/ Variac, TC4Cw/ Bourbon | Bezzera Strega | Baratza Vario Grinder | Yama 5 Cup Syphon | Aeropress
 
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